Few cereals have the importance of rice the the diet. The 50-66% of world population depends on the rice for their diet. Rice provides the 20% of the energy and the 13% of the proteins of the human body.

Rice production exists form 6.500 BC. Rice production is met mainly in Asian and African countries. From these countries emanate the two basic varieties of the world. In the Middle East and Mediterranean countries, rice production is met after 711 BC.

Cultivation of rice is third in the world, afterwards wheat and maize. During 2004, production of rice reached 600 million tones in all over the world. Paddy rice should not be confused with brown rice, which is the first step of rice production. Paddy rice is the raw material that is used to produce brown, white and parboiled rice. Rice is separated in 3 basic types:

• Brown Rice. Production time around 2 hours. Brown rice is the first stage of production that provides a product able to consume. Brown rice has the highest percentage of vitamins compared with other two rice varieties. However, brown rice has a negative: it needs around 45-50 min. boiling and it is exceptionally sensitive in temperature changes.
• White Rice. Production time around 6 hours. White rice is the next production step after brown rice.
• Parboiled Rice. Production time around 72 hours. Parboiled rice combines fast cooking time, keeps most of the rice vitamins as brown and remains firm during boiling.

Dietary Fiber

The dietary fiber of rice reduces cholesterol of blood. A diet reach in dietary fiber has been connected with lower frequency of heart diseases in both men and women.

Potassium

Pottasium is essential on the regulation of balance of water in the human bogy, the operation of kidney and the regulation of blood pressure.

Magnesium

Magnesium is essential in the metabolism of bones, proteins and the composition of greasy acids that is essential for the creation of new cells. The activation of vitamins B, the relaxation initiating, the coagulation of blood, the reduction of blood pressureand the production of energy (ATP), need magnesium.

Phosphor

Phosphor is the inorganic element that is important for the creation of bones and teeth. Phosphor, is also important for the release of energy of body fat, the proteins and carbohydrate at the duration of body metabolism activity. Phosphor also participates in the compotition of genetic material, cellular membranes and many fermets.